NHS complaints: tips on making a complaint

We know that complaining can be a confusing process. Before you bring your complaint to us, you need to complain to the NHS service you’re unhappy with first. The tips below will help guide you through making a complaint to an NHS service in England.
Published: 1 September 2026
Last updated: 28 September 2026

Why should I complain?

We use public services like GPs, hospitals and dentists every day without any trouble at all. But sometimes things can go wrong. If you’re not happy about the care or treatment you receive from an NHS organisation in England, you have a right to complain.

Complaining can get things put right for you and can also help organisations get better at what they do.

What is a complaint?

A complaint is when:

  • you’re not happy with an organisation’s service or something it did or did not do
  • you want the organisation to answer your concerns and put things right.

Tips on making a complaint

Work out what you want to say, including:

  • what happened
  • who was involved
  • when it happened
  • where it happened
  • how it has affected you or someone else.

Be prepared to tell the NHS service what you would like it to do to put things right. This could be to apologise or to take action to prevent the same mistake happening again.

It’s best to complain as soon as possible if you can, while events are still fresh in your mind.

Complaints should normally be made within 12 months of the date of the event that you’re complaining about or as soon as the matter first came to your attention. 

If you can speak to the people involved first, they may be able to sort out your complaint quickly. 

If you're not sure how to do this, your local Healthwatch can help.

You can complain in writing, by email or by speaking to someone in the organisation. Ask if there is a form to fill in, and when you can expect to hear back.

If you need some help with making your complaint, you can get in touch with your local advocacy provider. Advocacy providers support anyone who wants to make a complaint about the NHS. You can find more information on advocacy providers on the NHS website.

If you need help finding an advocacy provider, you can also contact us on 0345 015 4033.

Keep your complaint clear and short, so your main points stand out. State clearly what you want to achieve from your complaint.

Tell the organisation how you would like it to contact you and include a reference number if you have one.

Write down the names and positions of the people involved in, and dealing with, your complaint. Also keep copies of any letters or emails you get, as you may need to refer to them in the future.

If you have reached the end of the complaints process and you still do not feel that the issue has been resolved, or if your complaint has not been dealt with after six months, you can complain to us.

This BSL video gives you tips on making a complaint to the NHS in England, including where to get advice and support.

This BSL video is about a  case we investigated where a deaf patient was denied access to an interpreter at a GP practice.

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